Excavating and scraping machine



Nov. 10, 1925- 1,560,975

M. COLLINS EXGAVAII'ING AND SCRAPING MACHINE Filed April 11, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet l am: my

No.-10. 1925 i 1.560.915

' M. COLLINS EXCAVATING AND SCRAPING MALHINE Filed April 11. 1925 3 sheets-sheet 2 Nov. 10, 1925. 1,560,975

M. COLLINS v EXCAV A'1ING AND SCRAPING MACHINE Filed April 11. 1925' 5 Sheets-Sheet s Patented Nov. 1%, 1925..

MICHAEL COLLINS, OLE JdPiiI-N, IVIISSOURL nx-oli'vnrrn'd Ann assertive MACHINE.

Application filedApril 11, 1925. 'seriarno: 22,342.

bucket is arranged, in new and novel man-- ner, to be elevated and en'iployed' as a receptacle to transport the earth which has been'removed thereby.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide a pan having an excavating and scrap ing edge and mounted so that the depth to which the edge enters the ground may be regulatedand is not changed by the elevating and" dumping of the pan.

A further object is to provide mechanical means actuated by the ground Wheels of the machine for elevating the loaded pan, together with simple means for dumping the pan.

A construction designed to carryout the invention will be hereinafter described to gether with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily under SlJOUCFfI'OlD a reading of the following specification and by referenceto the accompany ing drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

F lg. 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with my. invention,

Fig. 2 is a plan view ofthe same,

Fig. 3 is a side elevation with the panelevated and parts omitted,

Fig. 4- is a detail of the hand operated means for elevating the pan,

Fig. 5 is a detail of the retaining and releasing. lever,

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the mechanical or power means for transmitting motion to the pan elevating.

means, and I Fig; '7 is a detail ofone of the clutches.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates-a rectangularframe (Fig. 2) having arched reaches 11 at its frontends brought together at their front ends and secured to the upper member 1520f a fifth wheel comrlie object of the invention is to provide prising a lower member 13 mounted on an axle 14 and havm'g a king post 15 engaged 1n the upper member; The axle is mounted in front ground wheels 16 and a tongue 17 is hinge'dto the member 13' (Figs. 2 and 3). By thisfifth wheehconnection the frame may tilt relatively of thefront axle and the wheels niayswing'under the archesin making a short'turn. The fifth wheel connection form's the'su'bject of separate aipplica tion filedhlarchfti, 1925; Serial No. 13,603.

A transverse beam 18 extends" across the rear portion of the frame" andsupports the front ends ofsills 19 eitending from the rear cross member of the frame to said beam. A rear axle 20 is fastened under said sills (Fig. 6) and is supported in ground wheels 21 disposed between tlie'sills and the sides of the frame. Angular standards 2:2 are mounted on each side of the frame and have bearinghoxes'23 mounted at their upper ends for supporting a transverse shaft 24; Pulleys 25 are fastened on thisshaft.

Bearing boxes 26 are fastened to the underside s of the side bars of the frame and support a'transverse shaft 27 (Fig; 3); Bell crank levers'28 are pivoted at their lower ends on said shaft and the intersections'of their arms, receive the trunnions 29 of a transverse pan 30'. This pan or receptacle is comparatively shallow from front to rear, butis" given considerable length transversely of the maehine,-s0 that its front edge will operate over a comparatively wide area of surface; By making the pan shallow and wide it will be seen that in loading it the dirt or earth'will have to be displaced rearwardly a comparatively short distance, thus making for an expeditious loading and are duction in labor. I i

The pan is provided with a scraper bar or cutter 31 across its front edge and is normallysupported (Fig. 1) so that the bar 31 will dig into the surface as the machine is drawn forwardly. The normal position or inclination of the pan, is controlledhy stop lugs 32 engaging in notches- 38 (Figs. 2 and 3) in the shaft 27. These lugs are adjustably mountedon the rear vertical wall of the pan by bolts 34-. Bylowering the lugs on thepan the inclination'is increased and the bar 31 will dig deeper into the ground; the condition is reversed by raising the lugs.

The trunuions 29 are located so that the forwardportion of the pan will overbalance the rear portion particularly when loaded.

This makes the pan self-dumping. Chains or other flexible connections extend from ears 36 at the front side edges of the pan up and over the pulleys 23. From the pulleys the chains extend to and have their rear ends secured to a winding shaft 37. This shaft 37 (Figs. 2, 3 and 6) is journaled in boxes 38 mounted on angular standards 39 and the standards 22 secured to the sills 19 and the beam 18 and overlying said sills. VJ hen the shaft 37 is revolved the chains are wound thereon and the pan is elevated to the position shown in Fig. 3.

For revolving the shaft 37 I provide a driving connection from the rear ground wheels 21. Sprockets 40 are fastened on the shaft 37 and are driven by endless chains 41 from sprockets 42 Figs. 6 and 7) hav ing clutch sleeves 43. Each sleeve engages in a sand collar 44 fastened to the wheel 21 and has slidable clutching action with teeth 45 at the hub of the wheel. For sliding the sleeve a yoke 46 engages in a circumferential groove 47 on the sleeve. The yoke has a head 48 slidable on the axle 20. A. bracket 49 is secured on the axle for each clutch and each bracket receives sliding rods 50 having their outer ends secured to the head 48 of the clutch. On each rod between the head and the bracket is mounted a coiled spring 51.

For operating the clutches I provide a pair of toggle links 52 pivoted at their ends to transverse hangers 53 straddling the axle anc secured to the ends of the rods 50. These links are pivoted to a short pitman 54 pivoted to the end of a bell crank hand lever extending up from one of the brackets 49. Normally the clutch parts are in the position shown in full lines in Figs. 6 and 7, but upon swinging the hand lever toward the center of the frame is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6, the toggle links are depressed and the rods 50 are moved outwardly so that the yokes 46 slide the sleeves 43 into clutching engagement with the teeth 45. When the toggle links are pressed down they will aline suthciently to hold the clutches in engagement. In backing up the springs 51 permit the sleeves to yield as the clutch teeth ride past each other. A chain 57 connected to the lever passes over a pulley 58 on one of the standards 39 (Figs. 2 and 6) and is secured to a collar 59 fastened on the shaft 37, so that when the shaft is revolved the chain 57 will be wound thereon and trip the lever to release the clutches when the pan is fully elevated.

One of the features is that the pan is dumped from its elevated position. To hold the pan against dumping dogs 60 pivoted to the upper ends of the levers 28 have their teeth 61 engaging over a transverse latch bar 62 eccentrically journaled in brackets 63 secured to the sides of the frame.

An angular hand lever 64 (Fig. 8) pivoted to one of the standards 39 has its knee 65 bearing on the lip of the bar 62, so that said bar cannot be tilted to release the dogs until said lever is swung. hen the lever is swung the bar 62 may rock and release the dogs 61, whereby the overbalanced pan will swing and dump.

When the clutches are released some means for holding the pan elevated must be provided, and for this purpose I fasten a retaining ratchet 66 (Figs. 2 and 5) on the shaft 37. A slotted hand lever 67 has its forward end pivoted to an extension 68 on one of the standards 39. This lever is curved and receives the ratchet. A pawl 69 pivoted in the slot of the lever engages theteeth of the ratchet. A bar 70 across the slot limits the swing of the pawl. The pawl has an overbalancing arm 71 extending from its pivot and resting on the lever at the forward end of the slot.

By tilting the lever 67 the pawl will be swung downwardly by the teeth of the ratchet 66 which will. be revolved in a counter-clockwise direction by the rotation of the shaft 37, due to the unwinding of the chains 35, whereby the pan is lowered. By swinging the arm 71 upwardly and rearwardly the pawl is disengaged from the ratchet 66.

In order to elevate the pan by hand when desired, I mount fast upon the shaft 37 a ratchet 72 having its teeth opposite to those of the ratchet 66. A forked lever 73 straddles the ratchet 72 and is pivoted on the shaft 37. A pawl 74 pivoted in the fork of the lever engages the ratchet. This pawl is attached to a coiled spring 7 5 mounted on the lever and acting to hold the pawl in engagement with the ratchet. A releasing bar 76 is pivoted on the underside of the lever and is connected to the pawl by a rod 77. By swinging the bar toward the lever the pawl is pulled out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet. A hook 78 is carried by the lever for receiving and holding the end of the bar to keep the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet. It will be seen that by swinging the lever 73 the ratchet wheel will he revolved and the shaft 37 also revolved. The lever 67 will swing upward permitting the ratchet 66 to turn past the pawl 69.

Various changes in the size and shape of the different parts, as well as modifications and alterations may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

hat I claim, is:

1. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supporting frame, a transverse shaft journaled on said frame and provided with retaining notches, a pan disposed in advance of said shaft, bell-crank levers arranged on opposite sides of the pan,

each lever having an arm extending rearwardly from the pan and fixed to said shaft and an arm extending upwardly alongside the pan, the pan being eccentrically pivoted to each lever at the angle of intersection of the arms thereof, means coupled to the pan for raising and loweringthe pan and the levers and tilting the pan upwardly and rearwardly above the horizontal when elevated to a predetermined position, retaining lugs at the rear of the pan adapted when so elevated and tilted toengage the retaining notches in the transverse shaft, a traiisverse latch bar of angular form in cross-section eceentrically journaled on the frame in rear of the pan, means for holding said bar from rotation and releasing it for rotation, and latch dogs pivoted at one end to the up wardly extending arms of the bell-crank levers and notched at their free ends for engagement with said latch bar.

2. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supporting frame, a transverse shaft journaled on said frame and provided with retaining notches, a pan disposed in advance of said shaft, bell-crank levers arranged on opposite sides of the pan, each lever having an arm extending rearwardly from the pan and fixed to said shaft and an arm extending upwardly alongside the pan, the pan'being eccentrically pivoted to each lever at the angle of intersection of the arms thereof, means forraising and lowering the pan, a pivotally mounted angular lever having a knee portion adapted in one position of the lever to bear upon the latch bar to hold the same from rotation, said lever being movable to a different position to release said latch bar for rotation, and latch dogs pivoted'at one end to the upwardly extending arms of the bell-crank levers and notched at their free ends for engagement with said latch bar.

3. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supporting frame, a transverse shaft journaled in said'frame and provided with retaining notches, a pan disposed in advance of said shaft, bell-crank levers arranged on opposite sides of the pan, each lever having an arm extending rearwardly from the pan andfixedto saidshaft and an arm extending upwardly alongside the pan,

of thepan, means for holdings-aid bar from rotation and releasing it for rotation, and latch dogs pivoted at oneendto the up wardly extending arms of the bell-crank levers and notched at their free ends for engagement with said latch bar.

L. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supportingframe, a transverse shaft j'onrnaled on said frame andprovided with retaining notches, a pan dispo'sed'iir advance of said shaft, bell-crank levers arranged on opposite sidesof the pan, each lever having an arm extending rearward-lyfrom the pan and fixed to said shaft and an arm extending upwardly alongside the pan, the pan being eccentrically pivoted to each lever at the angle of intersection of the arms thereof, awinding shaft, chainsor like fl'exr ble connections between the winding shaft and pan for raising and lowering the pan and tilting the pan upwardly and rearwardly beyond the horizontal when elevated to a predetermined position, means for r0 tating the winding shaft, means for locking and releasing said winding shaft, retaining lugs at the rear of the pan adapted when so elevated and tilted to engage the retaining notches in the transverse shaft, atransverse latch bar of angular form in cross-section eccentrically journaled on the frame in rear of the pan, meansfor holding said bar from rotation and releasing it for rotation, and latch dogs pivoted at one end to the upwardly extending arms of the bell-crank levers and notched at their free ends for engagement with said latch bar.

5. In an excavating and scraping machine, a frame, a pan, pivotally mounted supporting means for the pan including levers on which the pan is pivotally mounted, means for raising and lowering the pan between a downwardly and forwardly tilted gathering position and an upwardly and rearwardly tilted load carrying position, means on the pan engageable with a part of said supporting means whenthe pan is in the latternamed position for limiting its upward and rearward tilting movement, means'for looking and releasing said raising and lowering means, and meansfor locking thesupporting means from movement with the panin such elevated and upwardly and rearwardly tilted position, whereby upon the release of said raising and lowering means the pan may tilt downwardly and forwardly for a dumping action on said locked supporting means.

6. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheel-ed supporting frame, levers pivoted to the frame, a pan pivotally mounted on said levers, winding mechanism coupled to the pan for raising and lowering the pan and levers, locking means for locking the levers in elevated position and releasing the same from downward movement, and means operative for holding the pan from tilting movement on the levers beyond a predetermined upwardly and forwardly tilted position, said means adapted to permit the pan to tilt downwardly on its pivotal connection with the levers while said levers are held locked when the winding mechanism is released.

7. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supporting frame, bell-crank levers mounted on the frame, a pan pivoted to tilt on said bell-crank levers, means for raising and lowering the pan and levers, means for locking the levers in elevated position, and means for limiting the upward and rearward tilting motion of the pan on the levers, said means being adapted to permit the pan to tilt downwardly and forwardly while the levers are held locked and upon the release of said raising and lowering means.

8. In an excavating and scraping machine, a wheeled supporting frame, a transverse shaft on the frame provided with recesses, bell-crank levers having similar arms engaging said shaft, a pan mounted to swing with and tilt upon said levers, an eccentric ally pivoted angular transverse locking bar on the frame, latch bars pivoted to the other arms of the levers and notched for engagement with said locking bar, means for holding the locking bar from pivotal movement, raising and lowering means on the frame and connected with the forward portion of the pan, and projections on the rear of the pan engageable with the recesses in the transverse shaft for limiting the upward and rearward tilting motion of the pan while permitting free downward and forward tilting motion thereof when said raising and lowering means is released.

9. In an excavating and scraping machine, a frame, a winding shaft, a vertically movable and tiltable pan, connecting means between the pan and shaft adapted to wind up and unwind from said shaft, means for actuating said shaft, and means for holding the shaft from retrograde rotation and releasing it for retrograde rotation, said means comprising a ratchet wheel on the shaft, a longitudinally slotted lever pivoted at one end separate from the shaft and adapted to rest at its opposite end upon said shaft so as to receive the ratchet wheel in the slot thereof, a bar on the lever across said slot, a pawl pivoted in the slot of the lever and adapted to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel, said pawl being limited in its outward motion by said bar, and a curved overbalaneing arm movable in said slot and having one end fixed to the pawl and its free end normally resting on the upper surface of the pivoted end of the lever.

10. In an excavating and scraping machine, a frame, a pan pivotally supported on the frame for vertical body motion and tilt ing movements, a winding shaft, a flexible connection between the pan and winding shaft, drive wheels, gearing between the drive wheels and shaft including spring releasing clutches, toggle levers for setting the clutches, and an operating lever for shifting said toggle levers.

11. In an excavating and scraping machine, a frame, a pan pivotally supported on the frame for vertical body motion and tilting movements, a winding shaft, a flexible connection between the pan and winding shaft, drive wheels, gearing between the drive wheels and shaft including spring released clutches, toggle levers for setting the clutches, an operating lever for shifting said toggle levers, and a connection between the lever and the shaft for actuating said lever to break the toggle levers on a prescribed winding motion of the first-named flexible connection on the shaft.

12. In an excavating and scraping machine, a frame, a winding shaft, drive wheels, gearing for driving the winding shaft, spring-retracted clutch mechanism in cluding relatively fixed and movable clutch members for connecting said gearing with and disconnecting it from the drive wheels, a vertically movable and tiltable pan, a flexible connection between the pan and winding shaft adapted to be wound on and unwound from said shaft, a vertically disposed guide, a pitman movable in said guide, tog gle levers coupled to said pitman and to said movable clutch members, a bell-crank lever operatively connected with the pitman, and a flexible connection between the lever and winding shaft adapted to wind on said shaft and operative when the first-named flexible connection is wound up to a certain degree to trip said lever for a clutch releasing action.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

h/IICHAEL COLLINS. 

